What is LM358?

The LM358 is a dual operational amplifier, or op-amp, that is specifically made for automotive and battery-powered applications. It is designed for single-supply operation. It can also function with two power supply, like ±15V, which gives circuit designers flexibility. The gain-bandwidth product of the LM358 is typically approximately 1 MHz, which restricts its performance in high-frequency applications but makes it suitable for a wide range of general-purpose activities.

With its specific architecture, the LM358 Op-Amp is engineered to operate seamlessly across a wide range of voltage supply. It performs especially well in applications involving moderate voltage DC and low voltage AC. Furthermore, it is a mainstay in many practical applications, including active filtering, transducer amplification, DC gain enhancement, and traditional op-amp circuitry, because to its small form factor and affordability. The LM358 IC can generate up to 20 mA per channel and can handle supply voltages between 3V and 32V DC with grace.

LM358 Pinout Configuration

Pin 1 (Output 1) is the output of the first operational amplifier (Op-Amp).

Pin 2 (Inverting Input 1, IN-) is the inverting input of the first Op-Amp.

Pin 3 (Non-Inverting Input 1, IN+) is the non-inverting input of the first Op-Amp.

Pin 4 (Vcc) is the positive power supply, typically ranging from +3V to +32V.

Pin 5 (Non-Inverting Input 2, IN+) is the non-inverting input of the second Op-Amp.

Pin 6 (Inverting Input 2, IN-) is the inverting input of the second Op-Amp.

Pin 7 (Output 2) is the output of the second Op-Amp.

Pin 8 (Vee/GND) is the ground or negative power supply connection.

LM358 Features

Dual Op-Amp Configuration: Two separate, frequency-compensated, high-gain op-amps are housed in a single box.

Single-Supply Operation: This device is made to run on a single supply, which enables it to work with voltages between 3 and 32 volts. This makes it especially helpful for automobile applications and battery-powered devices.

Common Mode Input Voltage Range: In order to ensure effective functioning without distortion, especially in audio applications, the input common mode voltage range must span from 0V to (V+ - 2V).

Output Voltage Swing: The maximum output for a +5V supply is around 3.5V, as the output can swing to within about 1.5V of the positive supply rail. It's crucial to take this restriction into account for applications that call for larger output levels.

Gain-Bandwidth Product: The maximum gain at higher frequencies is constrained by the typical gain-bandwidth product of approximately 1 MHz. For example, the greatest gain of amplification of a 20 kHz signal would be about 50.

Slew Rate: The output's ability to react fast to abrupt changes in the input signal is influenced by the slew rate, which is around 0.25 V/µs. For applications involving high frequencies, this feature is essential.

Output Current Capability: The output current capability of the LM358 is 10 mA at minimal source and 8 mA at minimum sink, which is often too little to drive speakers directly but sufficient for low-power applications.

Crossover Distortion: This phenomenon is known to occur, especially in audio applications, and it can degrade the sound quality. When compared to specialist audio op-amps, this makes it less suitable for high-fidelity audio amplification.

LM358 Equivalents

Depending on the particular needs of the application, a number of comparable or different parts can be utilized in lieu of the LM358 operational amplifier. Here are a few noteworthy analogs:

Considerations Substitutes of LM358

The following elements should be taken into account when choosing an LM358 substitute:

Pin Compatibility: If the layout is fixed, make sure the substitute has a pinout that works.

Performance Specifications: Verify that factors such input/output voltage ranges, slew rate, and gain-bandwidth product match the needs of the application.

Requirements for Power Supply: Confirm that the substitute can function in the same voltage supply range as the LM358.

In conclusion, although the LM358 is a flexible op-amp, there are a number of good substitutes that may be employed based on the particular requirements of the application, such as the LM324, LM2904, TL072, NE5532, MCP600x series, JRC4558, and LP358, among others.

LM358 Applications

A flexible dual operational amplifier (op-amp), the LM358 is used in a wide range of electronic circuits. The following are some typical uses for the LM358:

Despite being a flexible op-amp, the LM358 has some drawbacks that should be taken into account when choosing it for a given application. These include its output voltage swing and crossover distortion. In some situations, newer op-amps like the TL072 and NE5532 might perform better.