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• Glowing Headers

  John Loeffler • 04/27/2023 at 20:03 • 0 comments

  LED indicators are one thing But if we make the whole header glow the ease of identifying the right pin becomes greater for entry level users
  

• Analog input LED

  John Loeffler • 04/25/2023 at 02:57 • 0 comments

  Unlike the Digital IO pins the analog pins have an led driven by an Opamp and Summation circuit that will map the LED to the Voltage.  So the LED will glow with the intensity proportional to the Voltage 0-5V

  The Analog LED Circuit is as Follows

  The Opamp Acts as a high impotence buffer So it does not influence any analog input to the pin.  A Summation  Network is crated to lower the voltage before it gets fed through a 66k Resistor then into a NPN Transistor to drive the Current to the LED

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  The Real World Test of this circuit show that the current configuration does a decent job of making the pins Voltage to the Intensity of the LED.
  

• Schmitt Trigger

  John Loeffler • 04/01/2023 at 03:54 • 0 comments

  The Atmega328P Has an internal schmitt trigger on all Digital IO Pins.   The Schmitt trigger is a great way to reject the Noise of a Digital Pin Especially one that is Left Floating.  In addition adding a Comparator to the LED Circuit isolates the pin due to the high input impedance of the Comparator.

     However the ATmega 328P does not Express the hysteresis of the Low and High Logic Level.  

    So the People over at RadishLogic Ran the 328P Pins.
  

   RadishLogic Found that when using USB Buss as the Power the Low High Logic Levels were

  Using 33k, 36k, and 150k a comparable Schmitt Trigger can Be Created

  Further Testing on PCB Should be conducted to alpine the Schmitt Trigger of Atmega328 to the LED Comparator 
  

  
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  Implementing into the Arduino Plus+ Pin seven is set to digital IO and  a modified Button Sketch is used. 
  

  So the real world test of the Schmitt trigger show that
  

  1) The LED Low input State Triggers at 2.29V      ------   At Atmega Triggers at  2.44V  --- 2.23% error
  

  2) The LED High Input State triggers as  2.52V   ------   At Atmega Triggers at  2.52V --- 0% error
  

• Goals

  John Loeffler • 04/01/2023 at 03:45 • 0 comments

  The Goal of this Project is to Crate a STEM Oriented Using the Microcontroller that started It all.

  
  Features

  1)The Core of this Will Be an Arduino Uno with the 16U2 USB Uart.

  2) Every Pin will have a LED Attached to it to show the Status.

  3) ALL LEDs will be isolated using A Follower Op-amp and Comparitor circuit.

  4) Digital IO Pin LEDs will be Equipped with a Schmitt Trigger that is close to the internal Schmiit Trigger in the Atmega328P

  5) Analog Pin LEDs Will illuminate proportionate to the Voltage of the Pin (0V=off,  2V=2mV, 5V=5mV)
  

  6) A Toggle Switch to turn all LEDs Off

  7) The LEDs will Be Reverse Mount and Diffused with Epoxy

  8) Placing All components on Bottom allows For ample Space to Label all Pins with all Functions.

  9) Electronics will be coated in Epoxy to be more STEM Friendly ( Drops, Spills...)
  

  10) Design for Manufacture

  Extras

  1) STEMMA/QWIIC Connector

  2) Neopixel on Pin 6

  3) RTC

  4) SD Card

  5) Speaker
  

  6) Full Color Silkscreen for ease of pin identification

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