Quantity   Component name
1 × Arduino UNO Mini A smaller, more compact version of the classic Arduino UNO. It acts as the brain of the project. It reads the light level from the LDR makes decision based on the code you upload, and controls the relay. Runs on a 5v microcontroller (ATmega328P) and connects to your computer via USB.
1 × LDR ( Light Dependent Resistor ) A special type of resistor whose resistance changes with light. Bright light - low resistance Darkness - high resistance By reading this change through an analog pin, the Arduino can tell how bright or dark the environment is. This is the main sensor of the project.
1 × 10k Resistor Used with the LDR create a voltage divider. This converts the changing resistance of the LDR into a changing voltage, which the Arduino can measure. The 10k value is ideal for typical indoor lighting conditions.
1 × Relay Module (5v) A small electrically operated switch. It allows the Arduino (low power 5v signal) controls something that draws much more power like a 12 v LED strip. It provides electrical isolation keeping the Arduino safe. The relay switch ON when the Arduino signals it and OFF when the signal stops.
1 × LED Strip (12 V): The lighting output of the project. When the relay turns ON, the LED strip receives power from the 12V adapter and lights up. When the relay turns OFF, the power is cut, and the strip turns off automatically.
1 × 12v Power Adapter: Supplies the necessary power for the LED strip. The Arduino cannot power the LED strip directly, so the adapter provides a separate power source that the relay controls. Provides a stable DC voltage for safe and consistent lighting.
1 × Jumper Wires: Flexible wires used to connect components on the breadboard. They link the the LDR circuit to the Arduino and connect the relay to the digital pins and power rails.