I feel I need to pay respects to Dr. Peter Jansen. who gave me the inspiration for a medical version of a tricorder that he has already assembled in three iterations (that he's published, anyways).

I'm intimately familiar with the Raspberry Pi, but I am almost a stranger to the Arduino and what it has to offer. I'm going to be researching the advantages that the two systems have over one another, but looking to Dr. Jansen's tricorder, the Arduino certainly has some very interesting boards for it.