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Varian Vista-based Z80 Microcomputer

Turning a pile of old circuit boards into a working computer.

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Having come into possession of a number of old circuit boards from a Varian Vista 401 or 402, I shall (likely unwisely) be attempting to turn them into a working computer.

These boards have been intriguing me for a while, since they clearly came from a computer system, but all I had to go on was the part numbers printed on the boards. I am fairly certain now that they belong to a Varian 401 or 402, which was a lab data system used to control chromatography machines. Since it is just a Z80 on a backplane, however, it should be possible to replace the ROMs with some new software and have a working computer.

What I Have

1 x 03-907023-00 CPU / RAM 16K

1 x 03-907013-02 RAM Board

1 x 03-907096-01 ROM PCB

1 x 03-907034-00 CRT And Keyboard

1 x 03-907039-00 Auto Sampler External Events Board A

1 x 03-907006-00 Disc Interface

4 x 03-907015-00 ADC Serial I/O

The (vague) plan is to work on the CPU board first, as this should be a self contained unit, then the ROM board and one of the serial boards to try and get it talking. If I can get it working to that stage, the extra RAM can be looked at, then the CRT/Keyboard, and the Disc Interface. The Events board is lowest priority.

What I Don't Have

The backplane - there should be a board to connect all these together, so I will need to work out the pinout of each card and engineer a replacement.

The power supply - The CPU board has +12V, +5V and -5V rails for the DRAM, so I will need to acquire a supply that can generate these, or build one into the backplane. There may be other rails needed for the serial cards.

The CRT - While I have the CRT controller board, I don't have the actual CRT. I'll need to sort out some kind of display or video output eventually.

Schematics or Manuals - Everything will have to be worked out from scratch.

Z80 experience - I'm more of a 6502 person, so I'll have to learn some Z80 assembly for this machine.

Why Am I Doing This

Because I like to tinker, and it seems a shame to just strip the boards for parts if I can make something from them as-is.

Serial ADC Schematic 2022-12-06.pdf

Initial version of the Serial ADC board schematic

Adobe Portable Document Format - 333.39 kB - 12/06/2022 at 18:12

Preview

ROM Schematic 2022-11-30.pdf

Latest version of the ROM board schematic

Adobe Portable Document Format - 670.79 kB - 11/30/2022 at 19:14

Preview

CPU Schematic 2022-11-27.pdf

Latest version of the CPU board schematic

Adobe Portable Document Format - 584.73 kB - 11/27/2022 at 16:01

Preview

  • ADC Serial I/O Board

    Bubblewrap12/06/2022 at 18:11 0 comments

    This board turned out to be far more complex than expected. There are three connectors on the board - a large 24 pin connector wired to the 8251 PCI, a 14 pin connector wired partly into the digital side, and partly into the analogue side, and an unpopulated 34 pin header.

    Based on the probing so far, I suspect the 14 pin connector is the link to the chromatograph machines, and it has some bit-banged protocol driven directly by the CPU when needed. I haven't looked into the analogue circuit yet, but I assume it's an ADC and associated reference voltages. A couple of optoisolators link from the digital side.

    The 34 pin header I am guessing is for attaching a precision ADC. It consists of a read-only 14-bit parallel interface, read as an upper 6 bit number with a seventh bit fetched from elsewhere, and a lower 8-bit number, mapped into different addresses. The address used to write to the analogue port is the same as the address used to read from one of the header addresses, which, combined with the 14-bit data length, is what makes me think its ADC related. None of the four boards I have have this populated, so it was clearly an optional extra.

    The serial port is a centronics-style socket so I will need to make an adaptor or wire another socket directly to the board to make it talk to anything else.

    The schematic is unfinished and needs rearranging because it turns out chips are scattered all over the board with no regard for which other chips they are connected to. The logic surrounding what are supposed to be the interrupt and acknowledge signals makes no sense in this context, so I think these pins have been repurposed. In particular, Int7 and IntAck7 are wired into the chip selects, and I assume are hardwired on the backplane to give each of the four serial slots a unique address. Having a backplane to look at would make this much easier.

  • ROM Board Updates

    Bubblewrap11/30/2022 at 20:07 0 comments

    Further examination has placed EPROM U19 at memory address &6800-&6FFF. EPROM U9 appears to have its address decided by the contents of the two 7641 ROMs. Extracting the ROM contents will, presumably, reveal more - perhaps the EPROM moves around or is mirrored into several blocks of memory.


    All 19 of the MK36000 ROMs have extensive corrosion on the pins, and only three came out without losing at least one pin. The EPROMs and 7641s are all unaffected. As modern EEPROMS aren't pin compatible with the MK36000s, I will likely replace the 16 paged ROMs with a single 128K EEPROM on a carrier board, and have another EEPROM replacing the fixed ROMs. For initial testing, I will likely just use jumper wires to connect U18's socket to a breadboard or stripboard adaptor, and leave the paged ROMs and other fixed ROMs empty. The OS ROM will probably be replaced by a 28C256 with some diodes and flying leads to the two secondary chip selects - I've built something similar for my BBC Master's paged ROMs.

    I have knocked up a possible design for the paged ROM carrier board, which sits across U32 and U33, as well as picking up the bank addresses from U41 (which will need to be removed and replaced with a socket).

  • Rom Board & Memory Map

    Bubblewrap11/28/2022 at 17:19 0 comments

    The ROM PCB seems to be split into three primary sections:

    The left hand side consists of 16 8KB mask programmed ROMs, addressed via two 3-to-8 decoders. These are the system's paged ROMS.

    The mid-section consists of 3 8KB mask programmed ROMs, permanently mapped into the address space. These are presumably the core OS.

    The right hand side consists of 2 512B mask programmed ROMs serving as some kind of additional address decoding logic, and 2 2KB EPROMs. I have yet to work out where these two EPROMs sit in the address space visible to the CPU.

    The memory map, thus far, appears to be as follows:

    StartEndContents
    00001FFFFixed ROM U18
    20003FFFFixed ROM U26
    40005FFFFixed ROM U38
    60007FFFundefined
    80009FFFPaged ROMs
    A000BFFFundefined
    C000FFFFCPU local RAM

    I haven't looked at the RAM card yet, but I assume there will be a 3-to-8 decoder mapping that 64KB into 8KB pages in one of the two undefined spaces.

    The paging latch on the ROM card sits at IO address 0110xxxxb. Rather than latching the data bus, it latches the lower four bits of the address.

  • CPU Board Update

    Bubblewrap11/27/2022 at 16:02 0 comments

    Updated the CPU board schematic - added all the non-IC parts (resistors, capacitors, two test points, one jumper and one transistor), fixed up some errors on the previous version. Worked out how the data bus enable logic worked, and it does seem to switch off when reading from internal RAM (but not when writing, but presumably address decoding on the RAM card means this is harmless). Still not entirely sure what some signals do, but I think there's enough done now to get it talking to the ROMs, so I shall make a start on that card next.

  • CPU Board Progress

    Bubblewrap11/26/2022 at 10:54 0 comments

    The CPU board is now almost fully probed out. The schematic is not the tidiest, but all the chips now exist, though a few pins still need checking out. A lot of the signals I can work out the function of from their connections to pins or other identifiable signals, but there are a few I'm still unsure about. There may also be some mistakes, I'll have to recheck everything once it's complete.

    If I'm reading the /RAS circuit correctly, the onboard 16K of RAM sits in the uppermost 16K of memory from &C000 - &FFFF. Unless I'm missing something, I can't see any bank select logic on the board, so the RAM card must handle that itself. I also don't see anything to stop the address/data lines being active on the bus during access to local RAM, so I assume the RAM card must handle mapping itself into a suitable place in the memory map so it doesn't respond. I'd assume U37 needs to turn off though, so floating inputs on the BD[0..7] lines aren't making it try and drive D[0..7]. Maybe the /DBUSEn logic handles that.

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