electronicsworkshopsINTRODUCTION
In today’s world there is a severe increase in the use of vehicles. Such heavy automobile usage has increased traffic and thus resulting in a rise in road accidents. This takes a toll on the property as well as causes human life loss because of unavailability of immediate preventive and safety facilities. Complete accident prevention is unavoidable but at least repercussions can be reduced. This embedded system can prevent the accident to occur and proper preventive measures are taken in this system. The ambulance service and the police station can easily find the location as the location along with the google map link was sent to their smart devices with mobile network accessibility.The system consists of eye blink sensor, temperature sensor, alcohol sensor, accelerometer, GPS module, GSM module, motor, buzzer, led etc. and all these devices are interfaced with the central micro controller unit. We are going to use eye blink sensor for detecting sleep by setting the certain time limit, if the driver gets sleepy,we can warn him. Temperature sensor helps us in detecting the heat of the engine and if the engine is overheated then that of a normal condition, we can warn the driver. Alcohol sensor helps us in detecting if the driver is drunk or not. If he/she is over drunk the vehicle provides warning and the engine stops functioning.Accelerometer detects the occurrence of accident and sends signal to the micro controller for further functioning. GPS module provides us the location, speed, time and date of the certain place where the vehicle is in the real time.If accident occurs, the location of accident that we get from the GPS is send to the ambulance service and police by the help of GSM module. Everything might be all right after a simple accident so the driver can re-inform the ambulance service and police station in this case.
MOTIVATION
Currently there is no technology for accident detection.As it is done manually there is loss of life in golden hours.The accident victim is dependent on the mercy of others to rush him to hospital.Many times an accident goes unnoticed for hours before help comes .Due to all these factors there is a high rate of mortality of the accident victims.In addition to this there is delay in the ambulance reaching the hospital to the traffic congestion between accident location and hospital which increases the chances of the death of victim
Although automobiles save our lots of travelling time, the risk increases in travelling because of the accidents. For the prevention from such accidents, we can use modern additional technologies. In the context of our project,we have used some sensors, electronic modules and microcontroller unit which helps us in providing prevention from accidents, detects the accident if it occurs even after the preventive measures and reports the ambulance service.
According to My Republica,18 December 2018; Killer roads claim 864 lives across Nepal in 4 months
PROBLEMS
The use of vehicles increases in the proportion of the population. Due to the traffic
congestion, the accidents are also increasing day by day. This causes the loss of life due
to the delay in the arrival of ambulance to the accident spot or from the accident spot to
the hospital. So, it is necessary to take the accident victim to the hospital as soon as
possible. Whenever, the accident occurs, it has to be informed to the investigation unit.
So, it is also beneficial if the intimation is reached to the enquiry section so that the
time for the investigation can be minimized.
OBJECTIVES
The main objective of this project is to prevent the accident which happens due to alcoholism of driver, sudden asleep and due to the over heating of engine.Certainly, if the accident happens due to other cases, the used electronic devices will be able to provide the spontaneous message and exact location to police and ambulance in order to recover victims.
SCOPE AND APPLICATION OF THE PROJECT
The project we are discussing has a wide range of practical scopes:
• The accident preventive measures can be use with all type of engined vehicles.
i.e. diesel/petrol engine.
• The GPS and GSM system can be used to determine over speed in restricted
area and charge penalty automatically decreasing human manpower, saving
time and money.
• Reporting system can be used with Home security, personal security connecting
with family, vehicle security.
And many more
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LITERATURE REVIEW
The products available in the market are not reliable when it comes to synchronizing
more than one parameter. The literature survey revealed that systems available in
market has a major disadvantage, it is specifically designed for one sole purpose like
Accident detection, Accident prevention or accident reporting. These systems on their
own have many advantages but these systems, but from cost point we have to reconsider
our decision to buy these products due to their lack of multitasking ability. These
systems are useful as it improves their functionalities by adding a feature to the existing
system will increase the redundancies. To overcome this disadvantage, we are
proposing a system which could increase the functionality and reliability such that it
can prevent the vehicle accident along with accident detection system and accident
reporting to the ambulance service and police station. Thus, our proposed system is
much more advantageous over the existing system.
Sensors are used in everyday objects such as touch-sensitive elevator buttons (tactile
sensor) and lamps which dim or brighten by touching the base, besides innumerable
applications of which most people are never aware. With advances
in micromachinery and easy-to-use microcontroller platforms, the uses of sensors have
expanded beyond the traditional fields of temperature, pressure or flow measurement,
for example into MARG sensors.
George Atwood invented the very first accelerometer in the 1700s. The Atwood
machine, as it was called, consists of masses on springs where the velocity is calculated
based on displacements experienced.
The Global Positioning System (GPS), originally Navstar GPS, is a satellite-based
radionavigation system owned by the United States government and operated by
the United States Space Force. The GPS project was started by the U.S. Department of
Defense in 1973, with the first prototype spacecraft launched in 1978 and the full
constellation of 24 satellites operational in 1993.
The Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) is a standard developed by
the European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) to describe the protocols
for second-generation (2G) digital cellular networks used by mobile devices such as
mobile phones and tablets. It was first deployed in Finland in December 1991. By the
mid-2010s, it became a global standard for mobile communications achieving over 90>#br###market share, and operating in over 193 countries and territories. 2G networks
developed as a replacement for first generation (1G) analog cellular networks.
Subsequently, the 3GPP developed third-generation (3G) UMTS standards, followed
by the fourth-generation (4G) LTE Advanced and the fifth-generation 5G standards,
which do not form part of the ETSI GSM standard.
HARDWARE PART
The hardware devices to be used for accident prevention, detection and reporting system are eye blink sensor, temperature sensor, alcohol sensor, accelerometer, GPS module, GSM module, buzzers,led, microcontroller (Arduinouno), power supply, connecting wires etc.
EYE BLINK SENSOR
The eye blink sensor senses the eye blink using infrared signal. The variation across the
eye will vary as per the eye blink. If the eye is closed the output is high otherwise the
output is low.
TEMPERATURE SENSOR (LM35)
LM35 is a precession Integrated circuit Temperature sensor, whose output voltage
varies, based on the temperature around it. It is a small and cheap IC which can be used
to measure temperature anywhere between -55°C to 150°C. It can easily be interfaced
with any Microcontroller that has ADC function or any development platform like
Arduino.
ALCOHOL SENSOR (MQ-3)
MQ-3 module is suitable for detecting Alcohol, Benzine, CH4, Hexane, LPG, CO.
Sensitive material of MQ-3 gas sensor is SnO2, which with lower conductivity in clean
air. When the target alcohol gas exists, the sensor’s conductivity is more higher along
with the gas concentration rising. MQ-3 gas sensor has high sensitivity to Alcohol, and
has good resistance to disturb of gasoline, smoke and vapor. This sensor provides an
analog resistive output based on alcohol concentration. When the alcohol gas exists, the
sensor’s conductivity gets higher along with the gas concentration rising.
ACCELEROMETER (ADXL 335 MEMS)
An accelerometer is a device that measures proper acceleration. Proper acceleration,
being the acceleration (or rate of change of velocity) of a body in its own
instantaneous rest frame, is not the same as coordinate acceleration, being the
acceleration in a fixed coordinate system. For example, an accelerometer at rest on the
surface of the Earth will measure an acceleration due to Earth’s gravity, straight
upwards (by definition) of g ≈ 9.81 m/s2. By contrast, accelerometers in free fall (falling
toward the center of the Earth at a rate of about 9.81 m/s2) will measure zero.
GPS Module (SIM 28ML)
A GPS navigation device, GPS receiver, or simply GPS is a device that is capable of
receiving information from GPS satellites and then to calculate the device’s
geographical position. Using suitable software, the device may display the position on
a map, and it may offer directions. The Global Positioning System (GPS) is a global
navigation satellite system (GNSS) made up of a network of a minimum of 24, but
currently 30, satellites placed into orbit by the U.S. Department of Defense.
BUZZER
A buzzer or beeper is an audio signaling device, which may be mechanical,
electromechanical, or piezoelectric. Typical uses of buzzers and beepers include alarm
devices, timers, and confirmation of user input such as a mouse click or keystroke.
D.C. MOTOR (CONTROL SWITCH)
A DC motor is any of a class of rotary electrical machines that converts direct current
electrical energy into mechanical energy. The most common types rely on the forces
produced by magnetic fields. Nearly all types of DC motors have some internal
mechanism, either electromechanical or electronic, to periodically change the direction
of current flow in part of the motor.
MICROCONTROLLER (ARDUINO UNO R3)
The Arduino Uno R3 is a microcontroller board based on a removable, dual-inline-
package. The board is equipped with sets of digital and analog input/output (I/O) pins
that may be interfaced to various expansion boards(shields) and other circuits. The
board has 14 digital I/O pins (six capable of PWM output), 6 analog I/O pins, and is
programmable with the Arduino IDE (Integrated Development Environment), via a
type B USB cable. it has one 5v output pin and one 3.3v output pin. it also contains
three ground pins.
SOFTWARE PART
The software applications to be used for accident prevention, detection and reporting
system are Arduino IDE, google map and messaging app.
ARDUINO IDE
The Arduino Integrated Development Environment (IDE) is a cross-
platform application (for Windows, macOS, Linux) that is written in functions from C
and C++. It is used to write and upload programs to Arduino compatible boards, but
also, with the help of 3rd party cores, other vendor development boards. A program
written with the IDE for Arduino is called “sketch”. Sketches are saved on the
development computer as files with the file extension.io. Arduino Software (IDE) prior
to 1.0 saved sketches with the extension.pde. Arduino IDE was created for people with
no profound knowledge of electronics. Arduino IDE also contains a message area, a
text console, a toolbar with buttons for common functions and a series of menus.
MESSAGING APP
Messaging apps are apps and platforms that enable messaging, many of which started
around social networking platforms, but many of which have now developed into broad platforms enabling status
updates, chat bots, payments and conversational commerce (e-commerce via chat).
GOOGLE MAP
Google Maps is a web mapping service developed by Google. It offers satellite
imagery, aerial photography, street maps, 360° panoramic views of streets (Street
View), real-time traffic conditions, and route planning for traveling by foot, car, bicycle
and air (in beta), or public transportation.
BACKGROUND THEORY
Arduino is an open source project that created microcontroller based kits for building
digital devices and interactive objects that can sense and control physical devices.
OVERVIEW
Arduino is an open source hardware and software project, created with a simple aims
in mind to be as simple as possible. Arduino is widely used by artists, hackers and
professionals to casually design prototype and experiment with electronics. Can use it
as brain for their robot, to build a new digital music instrument, or to make your house
plant tweet you when it’s dry. An Arduino contains a microchip, which is a very small
processor that you can program. You can attach sensors to it so it can measure
conditions like how much light there is in the room). It can control how other objects
react to those conditions (room gets dark, LED turns on).
The project is based on microcontroller board designs, produced by several vendors
using various microcontrollers. Microcontrollers use inputs and outputs like a
computer. Inputs capture information from the user or the environment while outputs
do something with the information that has been captured. A switch and a sensor could
be a digital and an analog input respectively into the Arduino and any object we want
to turn on and off and control could be an output. It could be a motor or even a computer.
These systems provide sets of digital and analog input/output (I/O) pins that can
interface to various expansion boards (termed shields) and other circuits. The boards
feature serial communication interfaces, including Universal Serial Bus (USB) on some
models for loading programs from personal computers. For programming the
microcontrollers, the Arduino project provides an integrated development environment
(IDE) based on a programming language named processing, which also supports the
languages, C and C++. The Arduino language is very similar to C. It’s almost the same
language but Arduino provides us with several libraries to make things a bit easier.
FEATURES
An Arduino board consists of an Atmel 8, 16- or 32-bit AVR microcontroller (although
since 2015 other makers’ microcontrollers have been used) with complementary
components that facilitate programming and incorporation into other circuits. An
important aspect of the Arduino is its standard connectors, which let users connect the
14CPU board to a variety of interchangeable add-on modules termed shields. Some
shields communicate with the Arduino board directly over various pins, but many
shields are individually addressable via 1°C serial bus-so many shields can be stacked
and used in parallel A handful of other processors have also been used by Arduino compatible devices.
Most boards include a 5 V linear regulator and a 16 MHz crystal oscillator (or ceramic
resonator in some variants). An Arduino’s microcontroller is also pre-programmed with
a boot loader that simplifies uploading of programs to the on-chip flash memory,
compared with other devices that typically need an external chip programmer. This
makes using an Arduino more straightforward by allowing the use of an ordinary
computer as the programmer. Currently, opt boot boot loader is the default boot loader
installed on Arduino UNO. Some serial Arduino boards contain a level shifter circuit to convert between RS-232
logic levels and transistor-transistor logic (TTL) level signals. Current Arduino boards
are programmed via Universal Serial Bus (USB), implemented using USB-to-serial
adapter chips such as the FTDI FT232. Some boards, such as later-model Uno boards,
substitute the FTDI chip with a separate AVR chip containing USB-to-serial firmware,
which is reprogrammable via its own ICSP header. Other variants, such as the Arduino
Mini and the unofficial Boarduino, use a detachable USB-to-serial adapter board or
cable, bluetooth or other methods, when used with traditional microcontroller tools
instead of the Arduino IDE, standard AVR in-system programming (ISP) programming
is used. The Arduino board exposes most of the microcontroller’s I/O pins for use by other
circuits. The Diecimila Duemilanove and current Uno provide 14 digital I/O pins, six
of which can produce pulse-width modulated signals, and six analog inputs, which can
also be used as six digital I/O pins. These pins are on the top of the board, via female
0.1-inch (2.54 mm) headers. Several plug-in application shields are also commercially
available. The Arduino Nano, and Arduino-compatible Bare Bones Board and
Board uno boards may provide male header pins on the underside of the board that can
plug into solder less breadboard.
METHODOLOGY
WORKING PRINCIPLE
In this system at first, we worked on the prevention of vehicle accident and even after
all the preventive measures applied if the accident occurs the system detects it. After
the detection of vehicle accident, the system automatically reports to the ambulance
service and police station without any time loss so that the casualty might not loss
his/her life due to late in rescue.
The system is installed in the vehicle. As the preventive measures for vehicle accident
the sensors like MQ-3 alcohol sensor, eye blink sensor and LM35 temperature sensor
are used. For the detection of vehicle accident accelerometer is installed and for
reporting GPS module and GSM module are used. Motor (control switch) is used for
engine control and buzzer, led lights etc. are used for warning during prevention. All
these devices are interfaced with the central microcontroller (Arduino Uno) unit.
Alcohol sensor helps us in detecting if the driver is drunk or not. If he/she is over drunk
the vehicle provides warning and the engine stop functioning. Eye blink sensor is used
for detecting the eye blink, if a driver gets sleepy, he gets warned. Temperature sensor
helps us in detecting the temperature of the engine and if the engine is overheated then
that of a normal condition, driver is warned with red colored LED. Accelerometer
detects the occurrence of accident and sends signal to the microcontroller for further
functioning. GPS module provides the location, speed, time and date of the certain place
where the vehicle is in the real time. If accident occurs, the accelerometer detects it and
location of accident is obtained using GPS, and finally sends the information to the
ambulance service and police by the help of GSM module.
The message obtained in mobile phone consists of the location of the accidental place
in the form of google map link which will help to the emergency units like ambulance
service and police station to reach the casualty in time and rescue the lives.
SYSTEM DESIGN
BLOCK DIAGRAM
The vehicle unit consist of alcohol sensor, eye blink sensor and temperature sensor as
preventive measures of an accident, buzzer and red light LEDs for alert. First alcohol
sensor detects the concentration of alcohol in driver, if it is found below the threshold
the motor rotates and vehicle is ready to be drive.
Whenever alcohol is detected the motor stops. Similarly, when the driver feels sleepy,
the eye blink sensor detects and alert the driver with buzzer and red colored led lights.
The system will also check temperature of engine continuously and keeps alerting if
found above threshold value of engine temperature. Vehicle unit also consists of
accelerometer which keeps on informing the coordinate of vehicle position to the
microcontroller. If it is found random, the GPS location tracker tracks and informs the
emergency number with values of latitude, longitude and google map position using
GSM SIM module.
Vehicle unit sends the information to the emergency contacts like police control room
and ambulance unit.
ALGORITHM
Algorithm for the working of the system:
- Start
- First of all, the system is powered with the proper amount of power supply.
- After the system is on, alcohol sensor detects if the driver is drunk or not. If
he/she is over drunk the system provides warning and the engine of the vehicle
stop functioning. - If no alcohol is detected then the vehicle starts properly or does not stop running.
- Eye blink sensors detects whether the driver is drowsy or not. If the driver is
asleep the system warns him with alarm and red light alert. - Continuously Temperature sensor helps us in detecting the heat of the engine
and if the engine is overheated then that of a normal condition, driver gets red
light alert else keeps moving. - If accident occurs, accelerometer detects the occurrence of accident and sends
signal to the microcontroller for further functioning. - GPS module finds the location and GSM module sends message with latitude,
longitude and link of google map to emergency numbers of ambulance and
police. - Once the system is on, it continuously checks all the sensors by the help of
microcontroller (Arduino Uno) in order to perform all the prevention, detection
and reporting works.
FLOWCHART
SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM
PROBLEMS FACED
During the progress of our project, we came to encounter numerous problems that
slowed our progress. some of the major problems are mentioned below:
Due to the lack of electronics stores we could not get our hands on the
equipment in time, which was required in our project.
As electronics devices are very sensitive to voltage and temperature and
could be damaged easily, few sensor and devices were damaged which
resulted in delay in time and increase in cost of project.
Arduino IDE was corrupted, it took time to delete and install it again in
computer. This caused irregular output in serial monitor.
Initially, GSM SIM card was not getting signal, later on changing the SIM
card fixed that problem.
CODING
PART1
#include<SoftwareSerial.h>
SoftwareSerial Serial1(2,3); //make RX arduino line is pin 2, make TX arduino line is pin 3.
SoftwareSerial gps(10,11);
#include<LiquidCrystal.h>
LiquidCrystal lcd(4,5,6,7,8,9);
#define x A1
#define y A2
#define z A3
int xsample=0;
int ysample=0;
int zsample=0;
#define samples 10
#define minVal -50
#define MaxVal 50
int i=0,k=0;
int gps_status=0;
float latitude=0;
float logitude=0;
String Speed="";
String gpsString="";
char *test="$GPRMC";
void initModule(String cmd, char *res, int t)
{
while(1)
{
Serial.println(cmd);
Serial1.println(cmd);
delay(100);
while(Serial1.available()>0)
{
if(Serial1.find(res))
{
Serial.println(res);
delay(t);
return;
}
else
{
Serial.println("Error");
}
}
delay(t);
}
}
void setup()
{
Serial1.begin(9600);
Serial.begin(9600);
lcd.begin(16,2);
lcd.print("Accident Alert ");
lcd.setCursor(0,1);
lcd.print(" System ");
delay(2000);
lcd.clear();
lcd.print("Initializing");
lcd.setCursor(0,1);
lcd.print("Please Wait...");
delay(1000);
Serial.println("Initializing....");
initModule("AT","OK",1000);
initModule("ATE1","OK",1000);
initModule("AT+CPIN?","READY",1000);
initModule("AT+CMGF=1","OK",1000);
initModule("AT+CNMI=2,2,0,0,0","OK",1000);
Serial.println("Initialized Successfully");
lcd.clear();
lcd.print("Initialized");
lcd.setCursor(0,1);
lcd.print("Successfully");
delay(2000);
lcd.clear();
lcd.print("Callibrating ");
lcd.setCursor(0,1);
lcd.print("Acceleromiter");
for(int i=0;i<samples;i++)
{
xsample+=analogRead(x);
ysample+=analogRead(y);
zsample+=analogRead(z);
}
xsample/=samples;
ysample/=samples;
zsample/=samples;
Serial.println(xsample);
Serial.println(ysample);
Serial.println(zsample);
delay(1000);
lcd.clear();
lcd.print("Waiting For GPS");
lcd.setCursor(0,1);
lcd.print(" Signal ");
delay(2000);
gps.begin(9600);
get_gps();
show_coordinate();
delay(2000);
lcd.clear();
lcd.print("GPS is Ready");
delay(1000);
lcd.clear();
lcd.print("System Ready");
Serial.println("System Ready..");
}
void loop()
{
int value1=analogRead(x);
int value2=analogRead(y);
int value3=analogRead(z);
int xValue=xsample-value1;
int yValue=ysample-value2;
int zValue=zsample-value3;
Serial.print("x=");
Serial.println(xValue);
Serial.print("y=");
Serial.println(yValue);
Serial.print("z=");
Serial.println(zValue);
if(xValue < minVal || xValue > MaxVal || yValue < minVal || yValue > MaxVal || zValue < minVal || zValue > MaxVal)
{
get_gps();
show_coordinate();
lcd.clear();
lcd.print("Sending SMS ");
Serial.println("Sending SMS");
Send();
Serial.println("SMS Sent");
delay(2000);
lcd.clear();
lcd.print("System Ready");
}
}
void gpsEvent()
{
gpsString="";
while(1)
{
while (gps.available()>0) //Serial incoming data from GPS
{
char inChar = (char)gps.read();
gpsString+= inChar; //store incoming data from GPS to temparary string str[]
i++;
// Serial.print(inChar);
if (i < 7)
{
if(gpsString[i-1] != test[i-1]) //check for right string
{
i=0;
gpsString="";
}
}
if(inChar=='\r')
{
if(i>60)
{
gps_status=1;
break;
}
else
{
i=0;
}
}
}
if(gps_status)
break;
}
}
void get_gps()
{
lcd.clear();
lcd.print("Getting GPS Data");
lcd.setCursor(0,1);
lcd.print("Please Wait.....");
gps_status=0;
int x=0;
while(gps_status==0)
{
gpsEvent();
int str_lenth=i;
coordinate2dec();
i=0;x=0;
str_lenth=0;
}
}
void show_coordinate()
{
lcd.clear();
lcd.print("Lat:");
lcd.print(latitude);
lcd.setCursor(0,1);
lcd.print("Log:");
lcd.print(logitude);
Serial.print("Latitude:");
Serial.println(latitude);
Serial.print("Longitude:");
Serial.println(logitude);
Serial.print("Speed(in knots)=");
Serial.println(Speed);
delay(2000);
lcd.clear();
lcd.print("Speed(Knots):");
lcd.setCursor(0,1);
lcd.print(Speed);
}
void coordinate2dec()
{
String lat_degree="";
for(i=20;i<=21;i++)
lat_degree+=gpsString[i];
String lat_minut="";
for(i=22;i<=28;i++)
lat_minut+=gpsString[i];
String log_degree="";
for(i=32;i<=34;i++)
log_degree+=gpsString[i];
String log_minut="";
for(i=35;i<=41;i++)
log_minut+=gpsString[i];
Speed="";
for(i=45;i<48;i++) //extract longitude from string
Speed+=gpsString[i];
float minut= lat_minut.toFloat();
minut=minut/60;
float degree=lat_degree.toFloat();
latitude=degree+minut;
minut= log_minut.toFloat();
minut=minut/60;
degree=log_degree.toFloat();
logitude=degree+minut;
}
void Send()
{
Serial1.println("AT");
delay(500);
serialPrint();
Serial1.println("AT+CMGF=1");
delay(500);
serialPrint();
Serial1.print("AT+CMGS=");
Serial1.print('"');
Serial1.print("+9779800000000"); //mobile no. for SMS alert
Serial1.println('"');
delay(500);
serialPrint();
Serial1.print("Latitude:");
Serial1.println(latitude);
delay(500);
serialPrint();
Serial1.print(" longitude:");
Serial1.println(logitude);
delay(500);
serialPrint();
Serial1.print(" Speed:");
Serial1.print(Speed);
Serial1.println("Knots");
delay(500);
serialPrint();
Serial1.print("http://maps.google.com/maps?&z=15&mrt=yp&t=k&q=");
Serial1.print(latitude,6);
Serial1.print("+"); //28.612953, 77.231545 //28.612953,77.2293563
Serial1.print(logitude,6);
Serial1.write(26);
delay(2000);
serialPrint();
}
void serialPrint()
{
while(Serial1.available()>0)
{
Serial.print(Serial1.read());
}
}
PART 2
#include <SoftwareSerial.h>
//define for temperature sensor
int sensorInput;
int tempsensePin=A4;
int temp;
int ledPin_temp =3;
int threshold_temperature=15;
//define eye blink senaor
int IRSensor = 2;
int BUZZER = 13;
//define alcohol sensor
const int MQ3=0;
const int motor=9;
int value;
void setup() {
Serial.begin(9600);
//setup for temperature
pinMode(tempsensePin, INPUT);
pinMode(sensorInput,INPUT);
pinMode(ledPin_temp, OUTPUT);
//setup for eye blink sensor
pinMode (IRSensor, INPUT);
pinMode (BUZZER, OUTPUT);
//setup for alcohol sensor
pinMode(MQ3, INPUT);
pinMode(motor, OUTPUT);
digitalWrite(BUZZER,LOW);
digitalWrite(motor,LOW);
digitalWrite(ledPin_temp,LOW);
}
void loop() {
//temperature sensor detection and prevention by red light on
sensorInput = analogRead(A4);
temp = sensorInput*0.048828125;
//eye blink sensor detection
int statusSensor = digitalRead(IRSensor);
//alcohol sensor detection
value= analogRead(MQ3);
Serial.print("alcohol concentration is: ");
Serial.println(value);
if (temp>threshold_temperature)
{
digitalWrite(ledPin_temp,HIGH);
Serial.print("Temperature: ");
Serial.print(temp);
Serial.println("C");
Serial.print('\n');
Serial.print("Warning!!!");
Serial.print('\n');
Serial.print("Temprature is High");
Serial.print('\n');
delay(2000);
}
else
{
digitalWrite(ledPin_temp,LOW);
Serial.print("Temp is fine");
Serial.print('\n');
delay(1000);
}
if(statusSensor == 1)
{
digitalWrite(BUZZER, LOW);
}
else
{
digitalWrite(BUZZER, HIGH);
}
if(value>700)
{
digitalWrite(motor,LOW);
}
else
{
digitalWrite(motor,HIGH);
}
delay(500);
}
YOUTUBE LINK
RESULTS
Finally, on performing all the required procedure, we were able to implement our
project on “Accident Prevention, Detection and Reporting System” and the final output
of the project is as shown below:
In this 21’s century, with the continuous advancement in science and technology, more
emphasis is given for vehicle safety. With the increase in number of vehicle, the number
of road accident is also increasing day by day, so it is our duty to control it. Mostly the
accident takes place because of drunk drivers, drowsiness while driving and over
heating of engine causing fire. Implementation of this project will help to decrease the
accident caused because of above reason. The system is automatic, low cost and power
efficient which makes it easy to install in vehicle. Unfortunately, if accident happens to
take place, the system detects it and with the help of GPS exact location can be pointed
and informed to emergency unit using GSM module. This helps to save many lives by
informing rescuing agent in time.
Over all, this system is very affordable, targets common people and easily implemented
in all types of vehicles.
In this 21’s century, with the continuous advancement in science and technology, more
emphasis is given for vehicle safety. With the increase in number of vehicle, the number
of road accident is also increasing day by day, so it is our duty to control it. Mostly the
accident takes place because of drunk drivers, drowsiness while driving and over
heating of engine causing fire. Implementation of this project will help to decrease the
accident caused because of above reason. The system is automatic, low cost and power
efficient which makes it easy to install in vehicle. Unfortunately, if accident happens to
take place, the system detects it and with the help of GPS exact location can be pointed
and informed to emergency unit using GSM module. This helps to save many lives by
informing rescuing agent in time.
Over all, this system is very affordable, targets common people and easily implemented
in all types of vehicles.
CONCLUSION
In this 21’s century, with the continuous advancement in science and technology, more
emphasis is given for vehicle safety. With the increase in number of vehicle, the number
of road accident is also increasing day by day, so it is our duty to control it. Mostly the
accident takes place because of drunk drivers, drowsiness while driving and over
heating of engine causing fire. Implementation of this project will help to decrease the
accident caused because of above reason. The system is automatic, low cost and power
efficient which makes it easy to install in vehicle. Unfortunately, if accident happens to
take place, the system detects it and with the help of GPS exact location can be pointed
and informed to emergency unit using GSM module. This helps to save many lives by
informing rescuing agent in time.
Over all, this system is very affordable, targets common people and easily implemented
in all types of vehicles.
FUTURE ENHANCEMENT
With the completion of this project there are certain enhancement that can be done.
They are as follows:
• Along with the stopping of vehicle after a driver is found drunk, he can be fined
automatically by connecting central system with traffic control room.
• Scientifically proved music which keeps people awake, can be played time to
time in driver’s cabin.
• CCTV camera can be installed in the driver’s cabin and can be controlled from
central room of travel agencies, this can prevent accident considerably.
• Vehicle unit can be connected with central server to find contact no. of
ambulance and police control room.
• Vehicle if obtains over speed, the accelerometer can determine it and
automatically complain to traffic by which driver can be fined. This will limit
the speed of vehicle and can prevent from accident too.
• Surveillance using A.I. cameras and solving hit and run cases.
PROJECT BY
Abhishek Das
Manish Kumar Karna (https://www.facebook.com/manish.karna.BEX10
Riya Dev
Sakshi Chaudhary