Introduction to Raspberry Pi 4

The present age is the age of speed and speed is life. The automatic section of engineering is playing a big role in speeding up life. Whose unique discovery is Raspberry pi. Raspberry pi is a series of small computers that have been developed in United Kingdom. Rasp is usually taught in school as a basic computer and as robotics at a slightly higher level. It is used in various fields such as robotics, weather stations, automatic control engineering, image processing, high simulation etc.

Generations:

Several generations of raspberry pi have been published so far, The names of almost all of them and their duration will be given below:

A total of two first generation Raspberry Pi Model A and Raspberry Pi Model B were released in February 2012 and 2014 respectively.
After that, Raspberry pi 2 was released in February 2015 featured a 900 MHZ 32-bit quad core ARM Cortex-A7 processor with 1 GB RAM.
After that, Raspberry pi Zero was released in November 2015 featured with smaller size and reduced input/output(I/O).
After that, Raspberry pi 3 was released in February 2016 featured with a 1.2 GHz 64-bit quad core ARM Cortex-A53 processor, having 802.11n WiFi, Bluetooth and USB boot capabilities on board.
After that, Raspberry pi 4 was released in June 2019 featured with a 1.5 GHz 64-bit quad core ARM Cortex-A72 processor, having 802.11ac WiFi, Bluetooth 5, USB 2.0 , full gigabit Ethernet, USB 3.0 , 8 GB of RAM and dual- monitoring support via a pair of micro HDMI ports for up to 4K resolution.
After that, Raspberry pi 400 was released in November 2020 featured a custom board that is derived from the existing Raspberry pi 4 specifically remodelled with a keyboard attached.

Hardware:

So here, from the diagram we can say that how many things are in the raspberry pi 4 as hardware component, it is clearly showing that the raspberry pi 4 is consist of input/output pins. Any kind of data or information or machine order has been received by the input pins and the output pins are the result that is mean the result which we get from the machine processed in the CPU part and showed in the GPU part. The USB parts are also used here for input/output device.

Processors:

Broadcom BCM2711 with a 1.5 GHz 64-bit quad-core ARM Cortex-A72 processor, with 1 MB shared L2 cache is used in Raspberry pi 4.

Performance:

As we have mentioned the generations of the raspberry pi with their hardware & processor specifications previously, from that the performance list will be described here,

Firstly, the raspberry pi 2 is almost 4-6 times more powerful than the raspberry pi 1 for its hardware & processor configuration.
Secondly, the raspberry pi 3 is almost ten times more powerful than the raspberry pi 1 and almost 80% more faster than the raspberry pi 2 for its hardware & processor configuration.
Thirdly, the raspberry pi 4 has almost three times more performance than the raspberry pi 3 for its hardware & processor configuration.

RAM:

The Raspberry pi 4 Microprocessor Board is always available with 2, 4, 8 GB of RAM for conducting its performance.

Networking:

The Raspberry pi 4 has the full gigabit Ethernet and Bluetooth 5 for its networking Unit.

General Purpose Input/Output Connectors:

The Raspberry Pi 4 has 40 pins for the general purpose input/output connectors, the pins are described bellow-

GPIO#	2nd function	Pin	Pin	2nd function	GPIO#
	+3.3V	1	2	+5V
2	SDA1 (I2C)	3	4	+5V
3	SCL1(I2C)	5	6	GND
4	GCLK	7	8	TXD0(UART)	14
	GND	9	10	RXD0(UART)	15
17	GEN0	11	12	GEN1	18
27	GEN2	13	14	GND
22	GEN3	15	16	GEN4	23
	+3.3V	17	18	GEN5	24
10	MOSI (SPI)	19	20	GND
9	MISO (SPI)	21	22	GEN6	25
11	SCLK (SPI)	23	24	CE0_N (SPI)	8
	GND	25	26	CE1_N (SPI)	7
0	ID_SD(I2C)	27	28	ID_SC(I2C)	1
5	N/A	29	30	GND
6	N/A	31	32	N/A	12
13	N/A	33	34	GND
19	N/A	35	36	N/A	16
26	N/A	37	38	Digital IN	20
	GND	39	40	Digital OUT	21

Software:

Operating System: The Raspberry pi 4 is basically based on its own Raspberry PI OS which is known as Raspbian. A Debian based (32-bit) Linux Distribution for download, as well as third-party Ubuntu. It also promotes the python programming language as the main programming language with supported for many other language.Many other operating systems can also be run on the raspberry pi.

Other Operating Systems:

Broadcom VCOS
Haiku
HelenOS
Plan 9 from Bell Labs
RISC OS Pi
Ultibo Core
Windows 10 IoT core
Alpine Linux
Anroid Things
Arch Linux ARM
Ark OS
Batocera
CentOS
Devuan
Emteria, OS
Fedora
Gentoo Linux
Kali Linux
openSUSE
OpenWrt
postmarketOS
RetroPie
Sallfish OS
Slackware ARM

Uses:

The Raspberry Pi 4 is using in many where of our life like as,

Education: It’s the place where the Raspberry pi 4 is used in schools for educational purposes by the children as a computer resource and by using this the children can have the knowledge of computer science and develop themselves for the future education.

Home Automation: Our another use of the raspberry pi 4 is home automation means all the works can be done with just a simple instruction or order by ourselves with the help of the any kind of mobile or others and the whole system is designed by the raspberry pi now a days as this is the most efficient and correct format.

Figure: Raspberry Pi 4 on Home Automation.

Industrial Automation: All the Robotic ARMs and the machines that are using for producing many kinds of products, the system of this Robots and the Robotocs ARMs are designed and controlled by this platform raspberry pi 4.

Figure: Prototype Industrial Robotic Arm with Raspberry Pi 4.

Image processing: In the case of Image processing this Raspberry pi 4 is so much favorable for all as it is much lesser than many others.

Conclusion:

So, Finally, we can come to this end that the life of the world is now so much speed and the speed is coming from the engineers as the robots and the automation, automatic systems are made by them and Raspberry pi 4 is one of the platforms of this automatic systems. As its price is much lesser than another system that is why it is using in all spheres of automatic control engineering for better results.