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Sun Tracker prototype

Hardware prototype and software to build a reliable and highly configurable sun tracker (azimuth only) for photovoltaic panels and similar

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The aim of this is hardware is to test the ESP32 software described in https://github.com/guido57/ESP32-Sun-Tracker.

Looking at the hardware schematic, you see that it handles:
- two photodectors, to horizontally (azimuth) orientate the photovoltaic panels
- two End-Of-Run switches to stop the rotation at both sides
- two relays, to supply the dc motor, inverting the rotation as well

To understand the software features, see https://github.com/guido57/ESP32-Sun-Tracker.

SunTracker.mp4

Demo Video

MPEG-4 Video - 37.86 MB - 11/20/2022 at 20:38

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  • 1 × D1 Mini NodeMCU ESP32 WiFi e Bluetooth BLE
  • 2 × LDR Photoresistor 5 mm, GL5516
  • 2 × NPN common transistor (BC172 or the like)
  • 2 × 5 VDC relay
  • 2 × End-Of-Run switch

View all 7 components

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Discussions

Guido wrote 11/21/2022 at 17:08 point

Hello vlk!

I see PROs and CONs about the two solutions.

Calculated Sun Ephemeris. 

PROs: 

more reliable (the sun will be exactly where Sun Ephemeris say)

CONs: 

you need to know the right position of your panels (by servo motors, runend switches or similar). 

you need Internet (or some kind of clock) to know what time it is.

Clouds. If there's a cloud in front of the sun, the max light can come from the blue sky and not from the cloud in front of the sun 

Photodetectors  

PROs:

always orientate to the position in the sky where the maximum light come from

don't need any reaction from the position of the panels

no need for Internet or other Real Time Clock

CONs:

Can be betrayed by some different light sources (mirror reflexes, strong lights, ...)

Can become unstable if the sun is cloudy or early in the morning or in the late afternoon (a few counter-measures exist)

Let me know if you agree.

Bye,

Guido

  Are you sure? yes | no

vlk wrote 11/21/2022 at 08:22 point

why not to use calculation from location and time?

  Are you sure? yes | no

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